Timber
Timber is considered to be the oldest building material known to man and it is used within almost all construction projects even in modern constructions. Timber is a carbon based natural, organic material with a cellular structure, which has evolved to adapt to various climates and environments.
Trees as a whole are subdivided into two categories, woods can either derive from Deciduous/ Broadleaf trees or they can come from Coniferous tree types.
STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF TIMBER
Timber is an orthotropic material, and has varying structural properties in different directions.This is particularly relevant in shear design of timber beams as the shear capacity parallel to the grain is significantly lower than the shear capacity perpendicular to the grain; hence, when a beam is loaded in direction perpendicular to the grain it will generally fail in shear due to the complementary shear stress as opposed to the normal shear stress.
STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS
For its weight, timber is extremely strong in tension along its grain, and the stronger species of wood rank with aluminium alloy and substantially exceed steel in their specific strength to weight ratio. However, timber has lower tensile strength across the grain and lower strength in shear parallel to the grain.
Wood, being a natural material, is substantially more variable than manufactured materials. This variability is taken into account by strength and quality grading. Comprehensive design data for timber based structural materials are usually utilised,
Trees as a whole are subdivided into two categories, woods can either derive from Deciduous/ Broadleaf trees or they can come from Coniferous tree types.
STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF TIMBER
Timber is an orthotropic material, and has varying structural properties in different directions.This is particularly relevant in shear design of timber beams as the shear capacity parallel to the grain is significantly lower than the shear capacity perpendicular to the grain; hence, when a beam is loaded in direction perpendicular to the grain it will generally fail in shear due to the complementary shear stress as opposed to the normal shear stress.
STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS
For its weight, timber is extremely strong in tension along its grain, and the stronger species of wood rank with aluminium alloy and substantially exceed steel in their specific strength to weight ratio. However, timber has lower tensile strength across the grain and lower strength in shear parallel to the grain.
Wood, being a natural material, is substantially more variable than manufactured materials. This variability is taken into account by strength and quality grading. Comprehensive design data for timber based structural materials are usually utilised,
Timber in Architecture
Forest School by Robert Gaukroger
The three pod-like structures are clad in wooden shingles made of English chestnut.The structures comprise a ribbed timber frame, elevated on Douglas-fir stilts. A deck connecting the three rooms is made of recycled plastic milk bottles and wood shavings.
Within the construction industry, timber has proved to be a very useful building material. Timber is strong, light and reliable making construction simpler and safer than steel and concrete.It can refer to a free-standing structure sited a short distance from a main residence, whose architecture makes it an object of pleasure.